Thomas Sunday Homily - The Second Sunday of Pascha — Antipascha, 2026
By Fr. Fadi Rabbat
In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, one God, Amen.
Christ is Risen!
Beloved in Christ, we stand here today still luminous from the light of the Resurrection. The candles may have burned lower, and the white garments have returned to the closets, but the feast does not end. Today the Church invites us once more to the upper room — to stand in that same locked space, behind those same sealed doors, and to hear once more the voice of the Risen Lord: *"Peace be unto you."*
This day carries three names, and each name is a revelation. We call it New Sunday, because it inaugurates the newness of every week — from this day forward, every Sunday we gather becomes a little Pascha, a weekly renewal of the great feast we celebrated eight days ago. We call it Antipascha — not "against" Pascha, but "in place of" Pascha, standing opposite it as a mirror, reflecting its light back to us so that we do not forget. And we call it Thomas Sunday, because on this day the Holy Church places before us the story of one man's journey from absence to the most luminous confession in all of the Gospel of John.
Let us enter the upper room together.
It is the evening of the first day of the week — Pascha itself. The disciples are gathered behind locked doors, and the text of the Holy Gospel is very specific: they are afraid. Fear is the air they breathe in that room. The doors are shut, the world outside feels dangerous, and they do not know what comes next. And then — without a key, without the creak of a hinge, without any announcement — He is simply *there*. Among them.
This is the paradox we sing every Sunday in the Apolytikion: *"While the tomb was sealed, Thou didst shine forth from it, O Life. While the doors were closed, Thou didst come in to Thy disciples."* The sealed tomb and the locked doors belong to the same proclamation. Stone cannot contain Him. Wood and iron cannot restrain Him. The One who passed through death itself passes through every barrier we erect — every wall of fear, every door of grief, every barrier of sin and shame — and He enters with the same greeting: *Peace be unto you.*
Notice what the Lord's first word is, not just here but throughout His resurrection appearances. Not a rebuke. Not "Where were you when they took me?" Not a rehearsal of betrayals. The first word of the Risen Christ to His frightened, scattered, faithless disciples is *peace*. St. John Chrysostom comments on this very moment, noting that this is no mere social greeting — Christ reminds them of His own promise spoken before the Cross: *"My peace I leave unto you; My peace I give unto you; not as the world giveth, give I unto you."* This peace is something the world had never seen before and cannot give. This is the peace of One who has passed through the jaws of death and come out the other side victorious. This is eschatological peace — the peace of the Kingdom, breathed into the midst of human fear. When Christ says *"Peace be unto you,"* He is not wishing them well. He is imparting Himself.
And then He breathes upon them.
*"He breathed on them and said, Receive the Holy Spirit."*
Can you hear what the Evangelist is saying? St. Cyril of Alexandria, that great theologian of Alexandria, recognized immediately what this breath signifies. He writes that we must understand this moment in light of the very beginning — that in Genesis, the Lord God *breathed into the nostrils of Adam the breath of life*, and he became a living soul. That first breath was the gift of the Holy Spirit, the seal of God's image upon His creature. When Adam sinned, that seal was cracked, that life-giving breath was forfeited. And now, in the upper room, the Second Adam stands before His new creation, and He *breathes again*. The same Word through whom all things were made is now remaking what was unmade by the Fall. In this breath, the Church is born. In this breath, the new creation begins. The Resurrection is not merely a private miracle for Christ alone — it is the renewal of all things.
*"As Moses writes concerning our creation of old,"* says St. Cyril, *"that God breathed into his face the breath of life — as therefore Adam was fashioned and came to be, so too now is he renewed."* The breath of Easter Sunday morning is the breath of Genesis, and it is the breath that has filled this room and every church ever since.
But Thomas was not there.
We do not know why Thomas was absent. The Gospel does not tell us, and we need not speculate. What we know is that when the other disciples told him — *"We have seen the Lord!"* — he refused to believe. And the Church has called him "the doubter" ever since, with a kind of gentle reproach. Yet if we listen more carefully, both to the Gospel and to the Fathers, we discover something far more remarkable at work in Thomas's absence than a simple failure of faith.
St. John Chrysostom, preaching on this very passage, does not let Thomas entirely off the hook — he notes that Thomas's demand proceeded from a kind of earthly reasoning, a failure to grasp the reality of what the Resurrection truly meant. Yet the great Chrysostom immediately turns the gaze of his congregation elsewhere: *"But do thou, when you see the unbelief of the disciple, consider the lovingkindness of the Lord, how for the sake of a single soul He showed Himself with His wounds, and comes in order to save even the one."* Read that again. For the sake of a single soul. Christ does not appear the second time because ten out of twelve disciples had reached adequate faith. He comes back because Thomas — one soul, one man, one struggling, grieving, confused disciple — needed Him. And He comes.
This is the Shepherd who leaves the ninety-nine.
And what happens when Christ comes? He does not wait for Thomas to speak. The Gospel is luminous here: before Thomas can even open his mouth, before he can repeat his conditions, before he can say *"Show me the wounds"* — Christ is already extending His hands. *"Reach hither your finger... reach hither your hand."* Thomas had set his terms, and Christ met them — not because the terms were wise, but because the love was boundless.
And Thomas's response is not simply conversion. It is transfiguration.
*"My Lord and my God!"*
St. Gregory the Theologian calls us to understand what these words contain. This two-word confession — "My Lord and my God" — is the highest Christological confession in the entire Gospel of John. It is the resolution of everything the Evangelist began in the Prologue: *"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was God."* After thirty-three years of walking the earth, after the Cross and the tomb and the sealed stone, it is Thomas — the one who was absent, the one who doubted — who becomes the first human being in the Gospel to address the Risen Christ directly as God. The one the Church calls doubter is, in this moment, the model of perfect faith. His hands touched what the whole cosmos was waiting to know. His words became the confession of every Christian who would follow.
Chrysostom names this providential: *Thomas's doubt served the faith of all.* Had Thomas simply believed on hearsay, we might wonder whether the Resurrection was a rumor, a vision, a pious hope. But because Thomas insisted on evidence, and Christ provided it, and Thomas fell to his knees and cried *"My Lord and my God"* — we have the testimony not just of a man who was told, but of a man who touched. His hands became the hands of every generation that came after him.
And then — these words fall toward us across twenty centuries: *"Blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed."*
Beloved in Christ, look around you.
You did not see the sealed tomb. You did not stand in that upper room on Easter evening. You have not placed your fingers in the marks of the nails. You have believed without seeing. And the Lord calls *you* blessed. Not those disciples, not Thomas, not the Myrrhbearers — *you*. This community, gathered here at St. George in El Paso on this New Sunday, is precisely the community of the blessed that Christ was speaking about. You are the fulfillment of His beatitude. You have received the peace He breathed out in that upper room, not through locked doors in Jerusalem, but through the holy mysteries, through the Scriptures, through the prayer of the Church, through every Sunday's Eucharist.
Because that is the final gift of Thomas Sunday. Every Sunday from this day forward is Anti-Pascha. Every Sunday the Church renews what happened in that upper room. Every Sunday the Risen Lord enters through the sealed walls of our ordinary week and says to us: *"Peace be unto you."* Every Sunday He breathes upon us in the prayer and in the Body and Blood. Every Sunday we are invited to do what Thomas did — not to demand proof, but to *fall on our knees* and say with our whole heart: *My Lord and my God.*
So let us live as what we are — the blessed ones who believe. Not a community of the comfortably certain, but a community that, like Thomas, has wrestled with doubt, with grief, with the absence of God in hard seasons, and has encountered Him on the other side. You carry the peace of the Resurrection into your homes this afternoon. Into your workplaces on Monday. Into every conversation, every sorrow, every place where doors are locked and fear sits in the room.
Go and open those doors. You have seen nothing with your eyes — and you are blessed. You have believed, and in believing, you have found that He was already there, standing among you, saying what He has always said:*"Peace be unto you."*
To Him be glory — Father, Son, and Holy Spirit — now and ever, and unto ages of ages.
**Amen. Christ is Risen!**
Homily for the Great and Holy Saturday, 2026
By Fr. Fadi Rabbat
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, one God. Amen.
Beloved in Christ, today we stand with the Church on Great and Holy Saturday, a day of sacred silence, deep mystery, and hidden triumph. This is the day between the Cross and the Resurrection, between the burial of the Lord and the first proclamation of Pascha. It is a day that appears quiet on the surface, yet within it the whole mystery of salvation is already at work. Christ lies in the tomb according to the flesh, and by His divine power He descends to Hades, shattering the gates of death and revealing that even the darkest place has been touched by light.
The Church’s ancient voice proclaims this mystery with awe: “Today there is a great silence over the earth, a great silence and stillness, a great silence because the King sleeps.” The ancient homily continues by showing Christ entering Hades not as a captive, but as the Liberator: “I command you: Awake, sleeper, I have not made you to be held a prisoner in the underworld. Arise from the dead; I am the life of the dead.” These words reveal the meaning of Holy Saturday better than any explanation can. Christ descends into death not to be overcome by it, but to overthrow it from within. He trampled death by death.
This is why Holy Saturday is both a day of rest and a day of light. The rest of Christ in the tomb is the completion of His saving work, just as God rested on the seventh day after creation. Yet this rest is not empty stillness. It is the rest of the One who has entered the depths in order to free those held there. The ancient homily says that He goes to seek out our first father as a lost sheep and that He comes holding the cross as His victorious weapon. The tomb, then, is not the end of His work, but the place where His victory begins to shine from within.
This is also why Holy Saturday is so closely linked to illumination and baptism. St. Cyril of Jerusalem speaks to the catechumens as those who are already nearing the mystery of enlightenment, saying, “Already there is an odor of blessedness upon you, O ye who are soon to be enlightened.” He also calls baptism “a ransom to captives; a remission of offenses; a death of sin; a new-birth of the soul; a garment of light.” In these words we hear the same mystery celebrated today: Christ enters the darkness of death so that we may enter His light through baptism.
St. Cyril teaches that those preparing for baptism are not merely students, but those being formed for illumination. He speaks of them as the soon-to-be enlightened, already gathering the spiritual flowers of heaven.
On Holy Saturday the Church traditionally received the catechumens into the sacrament of baptism because this day is the very image of what baptism accomplishes. We go down into the waters as Christ went down into the tomb, and we rise with Him into the brightness of life. The baptismal font becomes, in a holy sense, the tomb and the womb at once: the place where the old life is buried and the new life begins.
This is why the liturgy of Holy Saturday is so different from the liturgy of Pascha, and yet so deeply united to it.
Today the Church does not yet burst forth in full resurrection joy, but neither does she remain in sorrow. She stands between grief and triumph, between silence and song. The Old Testament readings, the solemn prayers, and the gradual movement from mourning to joy all show that the Church is already passing through the tomb with her Lord. The light has begun to shine, though the full dawn has not yet broken.
The fathers teach us that this is not only a historical event, but a present spiritual reality. Christ enters the depths of human existence to bring light to all who sit in darkness and the shadow of death. He enters our fears, our sins, our grief, and our inner tombs. He does not stand far off from our suffering. He descends into it, and by descending, He transforms it. This is the hope of Holy Saturday: that no darkness is too deep for Christ, no grave too sealed, no heart too burdened for His light.
So today, beloved, let us keep watch in reverence. Let us wait with the Myrrh-bearing Women, with the apostles, and with the catechumens of old who were about to be illumined.
Let us remember that the light of Pascha is already hidden in the tomb. And let us hear in our hearts the voice of the Lord who says: “Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give you light.”
To Him who descended into Hades and shattered its gates, who enlightened the faithful and brought the dead to life, to Christ our true God, be glory, honor, and worship, with His Father who is without beginning and His all-holy, good, and life-creating Spirit, now and ever and unto ages of ages. Amen.
Homily for Great and Holy Thursday: The Mystical Supper
By Fr. Fadi Rabbat
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, one God. Amen.
Beloved in Christ,
Today the Church gathers us into the radiant mystery of Great and Holy Thursday—the institution of the Mystical Supper, wherein our Passover, Christ the Lamb, transforms the shadow of the Hebrew sacrifice into the radiant reality of the New Covenant. Since the Passover of the Hebrews stood ready to be slain on Friday, divine wisdom ordained that truth should perfectly fulfill the type: our Passover, the Lord Jesus Christ, offered upon the Cross that very day. In holy anticipation, as the divine Fathers teach, He celebrated this Supper with His Apostles on Thursday evening, for the Hebrews reckon evening and the full day as one, counting night before light.[1]
The Lord, ever obedient to the Law lest He seem its transgressor, performed this rite as St. John Chrysostom attests (Hom. 82 in Matth.): standing, loins girded, shod with sandals, staff in hand, precisely as Exodus commands—all prepared by Zebedee, the water-bearer, according to St. Athanasius the Great. Yet surpassing these shadows, when night fell in the upper room, He revealed the perfect mystery to the Twelve: “And supper being ended, He reclined with them” (Jn. 13:25). Here was no Mosaic feast of fire-roasted shank and unleavened matzah, but reclining at table with leavened bread, water, and wine—the foretaste of Eucharistic koinonia.
Before the meal’s true course—as Chrysostom recounts—“The Lord, having loved His own, loved them to the end, and gave them Himself as food.” He rose, laid aside His garments, poured water into the basin, and washed their feet: first Judas the betrayer, seated in brazen audacity; then Peter, fervent yet resisting, who at last yielded to his Master’s touch. Through this act of humility, Christ unveils exalted kenosis, declaring: “He who would be first among you, let him be servant of all” (Mk. 10:44). Reclining once more, He enjoins them to love one another without seeking precedence, modeling the Kingdom’s gentle rule.[1]
Amid this fraternal repast, He foretells betrayal. To the troubled Apostles, quietly to beloved John: “He it is to whom I give the sop” (Jn. 13:26); and openly, “He who dips his hand with Me in the dish” (Mt. 26:23)—both fulfilled in Judas’ doom. Then, taking leavened bread to reprove azymite error, He commands: “Take, eat; this is My Body.” The chalice follows: “Drink all of it; this is My Blood of the New Covenant—do this in remembrance of Me” (Mt. 26:26-28). He Himself partook with them, weaving us eternally into His deified life—as St. Cyril of Jerusalem affirms: “The bread and the wine... before the holy invocation... were simple bread and wine, but the invocation having been made, the bread becomes the Body of Christ and the wine the Blood of Christ” (Catech. Lect. 19:7). After the sop, Satan enters Judas fully, and he departs to bargain with the chief priests for thirty pieces of silver (Mt. 26:15)—the shadow of Friday’s Passion.[2]
Beloved, this Mystical Supper, enshrined in the Vesperal Liturgy of St. Basil, is no mere commemoration but our living participation in Christ’s eternal offering. Here humility triumphs over pride, love over betrayal, and the New Covenant over the old. As the same mouths that cried “Hosanna!” on Palm Sunday will soon shout “Crucify!”, so we behold the paradox of salvation: no true Supper without the Cross, no Cross without the Tomb, no Tomb without Resurrection. St. Ignatius of Antioch warns those who deny this sacred Flesh: “They abstain from the Eucharist... because they do not confess that the Eucharist is the flesh of our Savior Jesus Christ, which suffered for our sins” (Ep. ad Smyrn. 6-7).[3]
The washing of feet calls us to servant love; the sop warns of spiritual peril; the Eucharist binds us to the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. Let us approach this throne of grace not as Judas, hardening the heart, nor as Peter in unrefined zeal, but as John, reclining upon the Lord’s breast in trusting communion. Spread before Him, as the crowd once spread garments, the virtues of your soul—repentance, humility, charity—that He may tread upon your passions and lead you into the bridal chamber of His Kingdom.
Today’s children, with their candles aglow, echo the Supper’s light: their innocence images the Church, pure and fervent, receiving the Bread of Life. Their small hands hold the mystery we all pursue—the passage from deathly betrayal to undying union with Christ.
As we venerate this Mystical Supper, let it transform us: from slaves of sin to partakers of divinity, from shadows of Passover to radiant children of the Resurrection. Walk with Him through Gethsemane’s agony, the false trial, the Cross, and the Tomb—not as spectators, but as disciples bearing His life within.
The Lamb who instituted this Supper now knocks at the door of your heart. Open to Him in faith, that He may reign in you, washing away every stain, feeding you with His Body and Blood, and guiding you to the unending Pascha.
To Him be glory, with the Father and the Holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.
Sources
[1] 10 Saint Quotes to help you reflect on Holy Thursday (Maundy ... https://www.instagram.com/reel/DWpoOcRDefj/
[2] What the Early Church Believed: The Real Presence https://www.catholic.com/tract/the-real-presence
[3] The Real Presence - Church Fathers https://www.churchfathers.org/the-real-presence
[4] 10 Saint Quotes to help you reflect on Holy Thursday (Maundy ... https://www.facebook.com/thyflameoflove/posts/10-saint-quotes-to-help-you-reflect-on-holy-thursday-maundy-thursday-of-holy-wee/122210244158499241/
[5] Maundy Thursday 2017: 20 Quotes To Celebrate, Remember Jesus ... https://www.latintimes.com/maundy-thursday-2017-20-quotes-celebrate-remember-jesus-last-supper-415678
[6] Quotes from the Church Fathers on the significance of the Eucharist? https://www.reddit.com/r/Catholicism/comments/tdlh8p/quotes_from_the_church_fathers_on_the/
[7] Holy Thursday - My Catholic Life! https://mycatholic.life/saints/saints-of-the-liturgical-year/holy-thursday/
[8] Early Church Fathers, prior to Nicaea, did not believe in the physical ... https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateACatholic/comments/wy1gop/early_church_fathers_prior_to_nicaea_did_not/
[9] Holy and Great Thursday / OrthoChristian.Com https://orthochristian.com/61194.html
[10] Lord Jesus, on this Maundy Thursday, we remember Your humility ... https://www.facebook.com/groups/1705055086343223/posts/2848894095292644/
[11] The Eucharistic Theology of Early Church Fathers - St. Paul Center https://stpaulcenter.com/posts/the-eucharistic-theology-of-early-church-fathers
[12] Quote/s of the Day – 29 March – Holy Thursday 2018 - AnaStpaul https://anastpaul.com/2018/03/29/quote-of-the-day-29-march-holy-thursday-2018/
[13] Thy - 10 Saint Quotes to help you reflect on Holy Thursday (Maundy ... https://www.facebook.com/thyflameoflove/photos/10-saint-quotes-to-help-you-reflect-on-holy-thursday-maundy-thursday-of-holy-wee/122210244134499241/
[14] Did the Early Church Teach Transubstantiation? https://blog.tms.edu/did-the-early-church-teach-transubstantiation
[15] [PDF] The Eucharist According to the Early Fathers of the Church https://www.hebrewcatholic.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/17.07-Eucharist-According-to-Early-Church-Fathers-pdf.pdf





